Waiting Period at the RAV: Reasons and Duration Explained (Switzerland)
Jurilo by Lawise.ai
Anyone who becomes unemployed in Switzerland is generally entitled to unemployment benefits (ALV). However, this entitlement is not unconditional: if you violate your obligations or are responsible for your own unemployment, you may face a so-called waiting period (Sperrfrist). During this time, no daily benefits are paid — which can lead to significant financial losses.
In this article, you will learn when the RAV imposes a waiting period, how long it lasts, and how you can challenge it.
What is a waiting period (Sperrfrist)
A waiting period (also called suspension days or Einstelltage) is a sanction imposed by unemployment insurance. It means that the payment of daily benefits is suspended for a certain number of days.
The waiting period is not a criminal penalty, but an insurance-law measure used to enforce compliance obligations.
Legal basis:
Art. 30 AVIG (Unemployment Insurance Act)
Art. 45 AVIV (Ordinance to the AVIG)
The waiting period is also referred to as Einstelltage.
Reasons for a waiting period
The most common reasons for a waiting period are:
1. Self-inflicted unemployment
Examples:
Resignation without valid reason
Summary dismissal due to serious misconduct
Termination agreement without compelling reason
→ Waiting period: 1 to 60 days
2. Violation of reporting obligations
Examples:
Late registration with the RAV
Late submission of required forms
→ Waiting period: 1 to 15 days
3. Unreasonable behavior during the job search
Examples:
No or too few job applications
Rejection of suitable job offers
Failure to attend job interviews
→ Waiting period: 5 to 25 days
4. Refusal of suitable work or measures
Examples:
Rejection of an assigned work placement
Dropping out of a temporary employment program
Refusal to participate in a training measure
→ Waiting period: 5 to 25 days
5. Violation of control obligations
Examples:
Failure to attend RAV appointments
Missing proof of job application efforts
→ Waiting period: 1 to 15 days
Duration of the waiting period
The duration depends on the degree of fault:
Light fault: 1–15 days
Medium fault: 16–30 days
Serious fault: 31–60 days
In the case of repeated violations, the waiting period may be extended or the entitlement may be withdrawn entirely.
Consequences of a waiting period
No daily benefits during the waiting period
Reduction of the maximum entitlement period
Financial hardship
Delays in pension or social security contributions
What to do if a waiting period is imposed
Review the justification for the waiting period
Submit a written statement
File an objection against the decision (within 30 days)
Seek legal advice
Conclusion
The waiting period is a key risk in connection with unemployment insurance. Anyone who fails to comply with RAV obligations or is responsible for their own unemployment must expect significant benefit reductions.
It is therefore essential to know the rules, act correctly, and seek legal advice if in doubt.
👉 Is a waiting period at the RAV looming?
Jurilo reviews your situation under Swiss law — structured and legally sound.
See also:
Termination in Switzerland – how much money do I lose or gain?
Termination during pregnancy and maternity – waiting period
Basics: Termination by employer vs. employee – Switzerland
FAQ on waiting periods at the RAV
What is a waiting period at the RAV?
A waiting period means that you do not receive unemployment benefits for a certain number of days — for example due to resignation or violation of obligations.
How long does a waiting period last?
Depending on the degree of fault, between 1 and 60 days. In serious or repeated cases, the entitlement may be withdrawn entirely.
What happens if I resign myself?
If you resign without a valid reason, this is considered self-inflicted unemployment. The RAV may impose a waiting period of up to 60 days.
What is considered a valid reason for resignation?
For example: mobbing, health reasons, or unreasonable working conditions — provided they can be substantiated. The RAV assesses each case individually.
Do I have to register with the RAV immediately?
Yes. At the latest on the first day of unemployment. Late registration may result in a waiting period of up to 15 days.
How many job applications do I need per month?
This depends on the RAV. Typically, 4–10 job applications per month are expected. Too few applications can trigger a waiting period.
What happens if I refuse a suitable job?
Refusing suitable employment is considered a violation of obligations and may result in a waiting period of 5 to 25 days.
Can I challenge a waiting period?
Yes. You can file an objection against the decision within 30 days. A clear justification and evidence are crucial.
Is the waiting period deducted from the maximum entitlement period?
No. The waiting period reduces the total number of available daily benefits. You therefore effectively lose money.
What happens in the case of repeated waiting periods?
In the event of repeated violations, the RAV may withdraw the entitlement to benefits entirely. In serious cases, complete exclusion from unemployment insurance is possible.
